Brazilian Pennywort

Brazilian Pennywort, scientifically known as Hydrocotyle leucocephala, is a versatile and fast-growing aquarium plant native to Central and South America, including Brazil. It is appreciated in both aquariums and paludariums for its attractive, clover-like leaves, easy care, and adaptability as either a rooted or floating plant.

This species produces slender green stems with round to kidney-shaped leaves that can grow up to 2 inches (5 cm) across. The stems can reach the water’s surface quickly, where they may float and produce small white flowers in open-top tanks. When grown submerged, the plant has smaller leaves and more compact growth; when grown emersed, the leaves are larger and sturdier.

Brazilian Pennywort is highly adaptable and can be planted in the substrate, attached to hardscape, or left floating. In the substrate, use fine gravel or sand and nutrient-rich conditions to encourage rapid growth. Floating growth helps shade the tank, reduce algae, and provide cover for fry.

Water parameters should include a temperature range of 68 to 82°F (20 to 28°C), a pH between 6.0 and 7.8, and soft to moderately hard water. Moderate to high lighting will promote healthy, fast growth, but this plant tolerates low light, though with slower development. Supplemental CO₂ and fertilizers will encourage lush growth but are not essential.

Propagation is easy—simply trim a healthy stem and replant or allow it to float until roots develop. It can grow quickly enough to require regular trimming to prevent it from overshadowing other plants.

Hydrocotyle leucocephala (Brazilian Pennywort) is a hardy, beautiful plant suitable for beginners and experts alike, adding a bright green accent, shade, and cover to aquariums while helping absorb excess nutrients from the water.