Dwarf Spotted Danio

Danio nigrofasciatus, commonly known as the Dwarf Spotted Danio or Black-barred Danio, is a small cyprinid native to Myanmar, where it is found primarily within the Irrawaddy River basin. It inhabits clear to lightly turbid streams, small rivers, and creeks with moderate flow, sandy or gravel substrates, and abundant marginal vegetation. These waters are typically well oxygenated and experience seasonal variation in flow and temperature.

Adult Danio nigrofasciatus typically reaches about 1.25 to 1.5 inches in length, making it one of the smaller danio species. The body is slim and streamlined, marked by a series of dark vertical bars and spots along the flanks that contrast against a silvery to pale golden background. Subtle blue-green iridescence may be visible under good lighting, especially in healthy, settled specimens. Their compact size and crisp patterning give them a refined appearance compared to larger danios.

A tank of at least 15 to 20 gallons is recommended for a proper group. Danio nigrofasciatus is a schooling fish and should be kept in groups of eight or more to display natural behavior and reduce stress. The aquarium should provide open swimming space combined with plants along the edges and background for cover. Moderate water movement is preferred, reflecting their native stream habitats.

Water conditions should be on the cooler side compared to many tropical fish. Ideal temperatures range from 68 to 75°F, with a pH between 6.5 and 7.5 and soft to moderately hard water. Stability and high oxygen levels are important, as this species thrives in clean, flowing water. Strong filtration with gentle current helps maintain their activity and health.

Feeding Danio nigrofasciatus is easy. In nature they consume small insects, larvae, and planktonic organisms. In the aquarium they readily accept fine flakes, micro-pellets, and frozen foods such as daphnia, cyclops, and baby brine shrimp. A varied diet supports coloration and consistent activity.

Temperament is peaceful, active, and social. Danio nigrofasciatus does well in community aquariums with other small, non-aggressive fish that prefer similar temperatures, such as small rasboras, hillstream loaches, and peaceful bottom dwellers. They are fast but not overly boisterous, making them more suitable for calmer setups than larger danio species.

Breeding is possible in captivity. Like other danios, they are egg scatterers that deposit eggs over fine-leaved plants, gravel, or spawning mops. Adults do not provide parental care and may consume eggs if left in the breeding tank. Cooler water changes and increased feeding can help stimulate spawning behavior.

Danio nigrofasciatus is a compact, elegant danio that offers active schooling behavior without the intensity of larger species. Its manageable size, crisp patterning, and preference for cooler, well-oxygenated water make it an excellent choice for planted stream-style aquariums and peaceful community setups.